Корrelated subquery count или window ROW_NUMBER().
Correlated count
SELECT name, sal,
(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEE i WHERE o.name >= i.name) AS row_num
FROM EMPLOYEE o
ORDER BY row_num;
Предпочтительно:
SELECT name, sal, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY name) AS row_num FROM EMPLOYEE;
Итог
ROW_NUMBER() OVER — modern замена ROWNUM/correlated count.